Turkmenistan is able to expand production of oil goods

Today «black gold» is in high demand in all spheres of human life. The components obtained through oil refining are used in the manufacture of various items that we use in everyday life. It is almost impossible to name all products that are based on oil and its ingredients.

Immediately after mining, «black gold» goes through certain processing. At the first stage, the raw materials are cleaned. Then specialists carry out primary and secondary processing. Oil is distilled and its constituent elements are divided into separate parts — fractions. At this stage, different types of fuel are obtained: gasoline, diesel fuel, diesel, and jet fuel.

Within the processing, liquefied gas, fuel oil, lubricants — petroleum jelly, hydraulic, and electrical insulating oils are obtained. Many useful products are made during the subsequent processing of fuel oil. Paraffin, bitumen, liquid fuel oil, asphalt, and many oils are produced using this oil residue.

Many elements obtained during the primary refining of oil are used by cosmetics manufacturers: vaseline and perfume oils, petrolatum, propylene glycol. After the separation of fractions tar is obtained — an oil concentrate, which has excellent waterproofing, therefore, it is used in the construction of roads and houses. When all the components are separated, oil recycling is started. At this stage, the structure of its carbons changes. At the same time, raw materials are obtained, which are used for the production of rubber, plastic, synthetic fabrics, rubber, polyethylene, polymer, polypropylene, wax, varnishes, paints, solvents.

A lot of household chemicals are produced from oil components: detergents, solvents, paints, and varnishes. A large segment is occupied by polyethylene products, which are also oil derivatives. These are packages, bags, containers for food. It is amazing: all cosmetics consist of 80% of petroleum products. A particle of oil is found in shampoos, eyeliner and lip liner, lipstick, hair dye, and eye shadow. There are oil inclusions in deodorants, antiperspirants, and even toothpaste. Perfumery consists of 99% of petrochemical products.

Modern clothing is made of oil-based fabrics. Nowadays, you will not surprise anyone with a polyester sweater or nylon tights, both of which are refined products, such as viscose. Today, about 40% of all textiles are made of synthetic fabric. Many enterprises use oil components when making overalls. And there is a reason for that. Polyester splashes do not wrinkle, do not stretch, and are easy to wash. Besides, a big part of the artificial fabric is used to make curtains, carpets, furniture upholstery.

It’s hard to imagine, but the petrochemical industry is very active in the food industry. The familiar colorants, thickeners, flavors are the result of the processing of hydrocarbons.

It is not a secret that plastic is produced from petroleum products. Even contact lenses are made of synthetic polymers obtained from oil refining. Unlike organic polymers, artificial materials allow oxygen to pass through the lens, which is very beneficial for the eyes. The development of oil processing led to the creation of a new field of chemistry — petrochemistry. The area is in charge of the researches related to more efficient processing methods and new ways of using what has been obtained. Plastic, for example, is a petrochemical product.

Today humanity cannot imagine its life without such a natural resource as oil. This carbohydrate plays an important role in the global economy. So the question of how exactly it is used is obvious? Oil is one of the most valuable and popular raw materials. The products made of it are very diverse and are widely used in the industry.